1. Introduction to Climate-1:
The Climate-built form interaction; some examples. Elements of climate, measurement and representations of climatic data. Classifications and Characteristics of tropical climates.
2. Introduction to Climate-2:
Major climatic zones of India. Site Climate: Effect of landscape elements on site/micro climate.
3. Thermal comfort-1:
Thermal balance of the human body, Thermal Comfort Indices (Effective temperature, corrected effective temperature, bioclimatic chart, tropical summer index by CBRI Roorkee). Measuring indoor air movement: Kata-thermometer, and measuring indoor radiation: Globe thermometer.
4. Thermal comfort-2:
Calculation of Overheated and Under heated period (based on air temperature only) for locations in Climatic zones and their optimization in terms of solar heating and Passive cooling desired.
5. Sun-path diagram:
Solar geometry & design for orientation and use of solar charts in climatic design.
6. Thermal performance of building elements:
Effect of thermo-physical properties of building materials and elements on indoor thermal environment. Convection, Radiation, concept of Sol-air temperature and Solar Gain factor.
7. Thermal Heat gain or loss:
Steady state and periodic heat flow concepts, Conductivity, resistivity, diffusivity, thermal capacity, time lag and 'U' value. Calculation of U value for multilayered walls and Roof, Temperature Gradient, Inference of time lags from Graphs for walls and Roof. Construction techniques for improving thermal performance of walls and roofs. (Effect of density, Insulation, and Cavity).
8. Shading devices:
Optimizing Design of Shading devices effective for overheated periods while allowing solar radiation for under heated periods for different wall orientations.
9. Natural ventilation:
Functions of natural ventilation, Stack effect due to thermal force and wind velocity. Air movements around buildings, Design considerations and effects of openings and external features on internal air flow and Wind shadows.
10. Day Lighting:
Nature of natural light, its transmission, reflection, diffusion, glare. Advantages and limitations in different climatic zones, North light, Daylight factor, components of Daylight devices.
11. Climatic Design considerations-1:
Literature study of relevant traditional and contemporary building examples.
12. Climatic Design considerations-2:
Two Indian case studies and one international for each climatic zone.
REFERENCES:
1. Koenigsberger, Manual of Tropical Housing & Buildings (Part-II), Orient Longman, Bombay, 1996.
2. Arvind Kishan, Baker & Szokolay, Climate Responsive Architecture, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.
3. Martin Evans; Housing, Climate, and Comfort; Architectural Press (1 March 1980)
4. Donald Watson and Kenneth Labs; Climatic Building Design - Energy-Efficient Building Principles and Practice; McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1983.
5. Mili Majumdar (Editor); Energy Efficient Buildings in India; The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI (28 February 2009)
6. Baruch Givoni; Passive and Low Energy Cooling of Buildings; John Wiley & Sons (1 July 1994).
7. Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) 2007; Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Power, Government of India.