18CH36 Technical Chemistry syllabus for CH

BONDING: Atomic and Molecular orbital theory:

Theory of bonding, Types of bonds, Hydrogen bond with discussion on interaction between two atoms such as exchange of electron, screen effect of electrons, ionic character of H-OH bond. Anti-bonding, Bond theory of metals, Theory of resonance, Structural stability, structure of carbonate ion and benzene, Importance of resonance compounds.

COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES:

Colligative properties - meaning and types, Lowering of vapor pressure - Raoult’s law - statement, limitation, Determination of molecular weight by lowering of vapor pressure. Problems, Ostwald’s and Walker’s method, Elevation in boiling point of a solvent – derivation, Experimental determination of molecular weight by ebullioscopy method, problems, Isotonic solutions - abnormal molecular weight. Osmosis and osmotic pressure – explanation of the terms, effect of temperature and concentration and simultaneous effect of both, Determination of molecular weight, Berkeley and Hartley’s method.

ISOMERISM:

Definition, Types, Conformational isomerism in alkanes, free rotation about carbon- carbon single bond, conformation of ethane, propane n, butane , relative stability of different conformations. Optical isomers – Isomer number & tetrahedral carbon atom chirality, optical isomerism with one asymmetric carbon atom, Polarimeter, Specific rotation, Enantiomerism R & S Nomenclature. Geometrical isomerism – Definition, conditions for geometrical isomerism, cis-trans & E-Z nomenclature, physical & chemical properties of geometrical isomerism.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY:

Werner’s theory, Nomenclature, effective atomic number, stability of complex ions, factors affecting the stability, stereochemistry of co-ordination compounds. Isomerism of co-ordination compounds. Importance of coordination compounds.

HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS:

Nomenclature, Classification, Structure, Preparation, Properties & Reactions of Heterocyclic, Analogues of Cyclopropane, Cyclo butane Cyclopentadiene, Heterocyclic’s one or more hetero atoms, Azetidenes, Furans, Pyratidine, Pyroles, diazines, Fused heterocyclics, Heterocyclics in Dyes, Medicines, Natural products.

REACTIONS & MECHANISMS:

Concept of Steady states, reactive intermediates, Carbanions, Carbocations, Inductive and resonance effects. Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution (SN1 and s2) in alkyl halides. Mechanism of elimination reactions (E1 and E2). Mechanism of electrophilic substitution in benzene, nitration, sulphonation, halogenation. Friedelcrafts alkyl and acylation reactions. Electronic interpretation of orienting influence of substituents in aromatic electrophilic of toluene, chlorobenzene, phenol and nitrobenzene. Solvents effects.

Course Outcomes:

On successful completion of this course students will be able to

• Explain the bond theory Resonance theory H-OH Bonds.
• Explain the effects of solutes on boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure.
• Calculate the molecular weight of the unknown solute using freezing point depression.
• Explain the structure and bonding of coordination compounds with proper reason of deviation, isomerism prevailing.
• Write reaction mechanisms in various types of reactions.

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN:

The question paper will have ten questions.

• Each full Question consisting of 20 marks
• There will be 2 full questions (with a maximum of four sub questions) from each module.
• Each full question will have sub questions covering all the topics under a module.
• The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. ArunBahl and Bahl B.S., “A text book of Organic Chemistry”, 15thedn., Chand S. and Company, New Delhi, 1998

2. Morrison B.R. and Boyd L.L., “Organic Chemistry”, 6thedn, ELBS, New Delhi, 1998

3. Tiwari Melhotra and Vishnoi, “Organic Chemistry”, 7thedn., Chand S. and Company, New Delhi, 1996

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Puri L.R. and Sharma B.R., “Physical Chemistry”, 14th edn., Chand S. and Company, New Delhi, 1998

2. James Huheey, “Inorganic Chemistry”, 19thedn. Wiley Publishers, New Delhi, 1997.

3. Dhone D. B., A Text Book of Plant Utilities, Nirali Publications.