Introduction, Differences between galvanic and electrolytic cells,Construction of galvanic cell, EMF of a cell , Origin of single electrodepotential, Sign convention and cell notation, Standard electrode potential,Derivation of Nernst equation for single electrode potential.Types of electrodes: Reference electrodes – Primary and secondary,Limitations of standard hydrogen electrode, Construction and working ofcalomel electrode and Ag – AgCl electrode, Measurement of single electrodepotential, Numerical problems on electrode potential and EMF of a cell, Ionselective electrode: Glass electrode – Construction , Determination of pH of asolution using glass electrode, concentration cells, numerical problems.
Basic concepts, Battery characteristics – primary, secondary and reservebatteries with examples , super capacitorsClassical batteries: Construction, working and applications of Zn – MnO2,Lead acid storage and Ni – Cd batteries.Modern batteries: Construction , working and applications of Zn – air, Ni –metal hydride and Li – MnO2 batteries.Fuel cells – Differences between battery and fuel cell, construction andworking ofH2 – O2 and CH3OH– O2 fuel cells.
Electrochemical theory of corrosion, Galvanic series, Types of corrosion-Differential metal corrosion, Differential aeration corrosion (Pitting andwater line corrosion), Stress corrosion (caustic embrittlement in boilers),Factors affecting the rate of corrosionCorrosion control: Inorganic coatings – Anodizing and phosphating, Metalcoatings – Galvanizing and Tinning, Corrosion inhibitors, cathodicprotection.
Technological importance, Significance of Polarization, Decompositionpotential and Overvoltage in electroplating, Theory of electroplating. Effectof plating variables on the nature of electrodeposit- Electroplating process,Electroplating of gold and Chromium.Distinction between electroplating and electrolessplating, Electolessplating ofcopper and nickel.
Introduction, Classification of chemical fuels Calorific value – High andLow calorific values, Determination of calorific value –solid or liquid fuelusing Bomb calorimeter - numerical problems .Petroleum – Cracking by fluidized catalytic cracking process, Reformation ofpetrol, Octane and Cetane numbers. Knocking – mechanism and harmfuleffects. Antiknocking agents – TEL, Catalytic converters – Principle andworking, Unleaded petrol, Power alcohol and Biodiesel.Photovoltaic cells – Production of solar grade silicon, Doping of silicon,Construction and working of photovoltaic cell, Advantages.
Statement of Gibb’s phase rule and explanation of the terms involved, Phasediagram of one component system – water system, Condensed phase rule ,Phase diagram of two component system- Eutectic Pb – Ag system and Fe –C system. Application – Desilverization of lead.Instrumental methods of analysis- Theory , Instrumentation and applicationsof Colorimetry, Potentiometry , Conductometry and Flame photometry.
Types of polymerization – Addition and Condensation, Mechanism ofpolymerization – Free radical mechanism taking ethylene as example. Glasstransition temperature ( Tg) , Structure – property relationship. Types ofplastics – Thermosetting and thermoplastics. Manufacture of plastics bycompression ,injection and extrusion moulding.Synthesis and applications of Teflon, PMMA, Polyurethane and Phenol –formaldehyde resins.Elastomers: Deficiencies of natural rubber, Vulcanization of rubber.Synthesis and applications of Neoprene and Butyl rubber, Silicone rubbers.Adhesives: Synthesis and applications of epoxy resins.Polymer composites - Synthesis and applications of Kevlar and Carbonfibers.Conducting polymers – Definition, Mechanism of conduction inPolyacetylene, applications.
Impurities in water ,Water analysis – Determination of different constituentsin water – Hardness, alkalinity, chloride , fluoride , nitrate , sulphate anddissolved oxygen. Numerical problems on hardness and alkalinity. Sewage –BOD and COD, Numerical problems, Sewage treatment. Desalination ofwater – Reverse Osmosis and Electrodialysis