Introduction to operating systems, System structures: What operating systems do; Computer System organization; Computer System architecture; Operating System structure; Operating System operations; Process management; Memory management; Storage management; Protection and Security; Distributed system; Special-purpose systems; Computing environments. Operating System Services; User - Operating System interface; System calls; Types of system calls; System programs; Operating system design and implementation; Operating System structure; Virtual machines; Operating System generation; System boot.
Process Management Process concept; Process scheduling; Operations on processes; Inter process communication
Multi-threaded Programming: Overview; Multithreading models; Thread Libraries; Threading issues. Process Scheduling: Basic concepts; Scheduling Criteria; Scheduling Algorithms; Multiple-processor scheduling; Thread scheduling.
Process Synchronization: Synchronization: The critical section problem; Peterson’s solution; Synchronization hardware; Semaphores; Classical problems of synchronization; Monitors.
Deadlocks : Deadlocks; System model; Deadlock characterization; Methods for handling deadlocks; Deadlock prevention; Deadlock avoidance; Deadlock detection and recovery from deadlock.
Memory Management: Memory management strategies: Background; Swapping; Contiguous memory allocation; Paging; Structure of page table; Segmentation.
Virtual Memory Management: Background; Demand paging; Copy-on-write; Page replacement; Allocation of frames; Thrashing.
File System, Implementation of File System: File system: File concept; Access methods; Directory structure; File system mounting; File sharing; Protection: Implementing File system: File system structure; File system implementation; Directory implementation; Allocation methods; Free space management.
Secondary Storage Structures, Protection: Mass storage structures; Disk structure; Disk attachment; Disk scheduling; Disk management; Swap space management. Protection: Goals of protection, Principles of protection, Domain of protection, Access matrix, Implementation of access matrix, Access control, Revocation of access rights, Capability- Based systems.
Case Study: The Linux Operating System: Linux history; Design principles; Kernel modules; Process management; Scheduling; Memory Management; File systems, Input and output; Inter-process communication.