BPHYS102 Physics for CSE stream syllabus for CSE Stream Physics Group

Laser and Optical Fibers:

LASER:

Basic properties of a LASER beam, Interaction of Radiation with Matter, Einstein’s A and B Coefficients, Laser Action, Population Inversion, Metastable State, Requisites of a laser system, Semiconductor Diode Laser, Applications: Bar code scanner, Laser Printer, Laser Cooling. Numerical problems.

Optical Fiber:

Principle and structure, Acceptance angle and Numerical Aperture (NA) and derivation of Expression for NA, Classification of Optical Fibers, Attenuation and Fiber Losses, Applications: Fiber Optic networking, Fiber Optic Communication. Numerical Problems.

Pre-requisite:Properties of light

Self-learning: Total Internal Reflection & Propagation Mechanism (Optical Fibers)

Quantum Mechanics:

de Broglie Hypothesis and Matter Waves, de Broglie wavelength and derivation of expression by analogy, Phase Velocity and Group Velocity, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and its application (Nonexistence of electron inside the nucleus-Non Relativistic), Principle of Complementarity, Wave Function, Time independent Schrodinger wave equation, Physical Significance of a wave function and Born Interpretation, Expectation value, Eigen functions and Eigen Values, Particle inside one-dimensional infinite potential well, Waveforms and Probabilities. Numerical problems.

Pre-requisite:Wave-Particle dualism

Self-learning: de Broglie Hypothesis

Quantum Computing:

Wave Function in Ket Notation:

Matrix form of wave function, Identity Operator, Determination of I|0> and I|1>, Pauli Matrices and its operations on 0 and 1 states, Mention of Conjugate and Transpose, Unitary Matrix U, Examples: Row and Column Matrices and their multiplication (Inner Product), Probability, Orthogonality

Principles of Quantum Information & Quantum Computing:

Introduction to Quantum Computing, Moore’s law & its end. Single particle quantum interference, Classical & quantum information comparison. Differences between classical & quantum computing, quantum superposition and the concept of qubit.

Properties of a qubit:

Mathematical representation. Summation of probabilities,Representation of qubit by Blochsphere

Quantum Gates:

Single Qubit Gates:Quantum Not Gate, Pauli -Z Gate Hadamard Gate, Pauli Matrices, Phase Gate or S Gate), T GateMultiple Qubit Gates: Controlled gate, CNOT Gate, (Discussion for 4 different input states). Representation of, Swap gate, Controlled-Z gate, Toffoli gate,Accounting for the extra-ordinary capability of quantum computing, Model Realizations.

Pre-requisites: Matrices.

Self-learning: Moore’s law

Electrical Properties of Materials and Applications

Electrical conductivity in metals, Resistivity and Mobility, Concept of Phonon, Matthiessen's rule. Introduction to Super Conductors, Temperature dependence of resistivity, Meissner’s Effect, Silsbee Effect, Types of Superconductors, Temperature dependence of critical field, BCS theory (Qualitative), Quantum Tunneling, High-Temperature superconductivity, Josephson Junction, DC and AC SQUIDs (Qualitative), Applications in Quantum Computing (Mention). Numerical problems.

Pre-requisites:Basics of Electrical conductivity

Self-learning: Resistivity and Mobility

Applications of Physics in computing:

Physics of Animation:

Taxonomy of physics-based animation methods, Frames, Frames per Second, Size and Scale, weight and strength, Motion and Timing in Animations, Constant Force and Acceleration, The Odd rule, Motion Graphs, Numerical Calculations based on Odd Rule, Examples of Character Animation: Jumping, Walking. Numerical problems.

Statistical Physics for Computing:

Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, Poisson distribution and Normal Distributions (Bell Curves), Monte Carlo Method. Numerical problems.

Pre-requisites: Motion in one dimension

Self-learning: Frames, Frames per Second

Course outcome (Course Skill Set)

At the end of the course the student will be able to:

CO1Describe the principles of LASERS and Optical fibers and their relevant applications.

CO2Discuss the basic principles of Quantum Mechanics and their application in Quantum Computing.

CO3Summarize the essential properties of superconductors and applications in Quantum Computing.

CO4Illustrate the application of physics in design and data analysis.

CO5 Practice working in groups to conduct experiments in physics and perform precise and honest measurements.

Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)

The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50). The minimum passing mark for the SEE is 35% of the maximum marks (18 marks out of 50). A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/ course if the student secures not less than 35% (18 Marks out of 50) in the semester-end examination(SEE), and a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.

Continuous Internal Evaluation(CIE):

Two Unit Tests each of 20 Marks (duration 01 hour)

• First test after the completion of 30-40 % of the syllabus
• Second test after completion of 80-90% of the syllabus

One Improvement test before the closing of the academic term may be conducted if necessary. However best two tests out of three shall be taken into consideration.

Two assignments each of 10 Marks

The teacher has to plan the assignments and get them completed by the students well before the closing of the term so that marks entry in the examination portal shall be done in time. Formative (Successive) Assessments include Assignments/Quizzes/Seminars/ Course projects/Field surveys/ Case studies/ Hands-on practice (experiments)/Group Discussions/ others. The Teachers shall choose the types of assignments depending on the requirement of the course and plan to attain the COs and POs. (to have a less stressed CIE, the portion of the syllabus should not be common /repeated for any of the methods of the CIE. Each method of CIE should have a different syllabus portion of the course). CIE methods /test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.

The sum of two tests, two assignments, will be out of 60 marks and will be scaled down to 30 marks

CIE for the practical component of the Integrated Course

• On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated and marks shall be awarded on the same day. The15 marks are for conducting the experiment and preparation of the laboratory record, the other 05 marks shall be for the test conducted at the end of the semester.
• The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous evaluation of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks. Marks of all experiments’ write-ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
• The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) at the end of the 14th /15th week of the semester /after completion of all the experiments (whichever is early) shall be conducted for 50 marks and scaled down to 05 marks.Scaled-down marks of write-up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory component of IPCC for 20 marks.

Semester End Examination (SEE):

SEE for IC

Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled time table, with common question papers for the course (duration 03 hours)

1.The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.

2.There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a max-imum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.

3.The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.

The theory portion of the Integrated Course shall be for both CIE and SEE, whereas the practical portion will have a CIE component only. Questions mentioned in the SEE paper shall include questions from the practical component).

Passing standard:

• The minimum marks to be secured in CIE to appear for SEE shall be 12 (40% of maximum marks-30) in the theory component and 08 (40% of maximum marks -20) in the practical component. The laboratory component of the IPCC shall be for CIE only. However, in SEE, the questions from the laboratory component shall be included. The maximum of 04/05 questions to be set from the practical component of IPCC, the total marks of all questions should not be more than 30 marks.
• SEE will be conducted for 100 marks and students shall secure 35% of the maximum marks to qualify for the SEE. Marks secured will be scaled down to 50.

Suggested Learning Resources:

Books (Title of the Book/Name of the author/Name of the publisher/Edition and Year)

1.Solid State Physics, S O Pillai, New Age International Private Limited, 8th Edition, 2018.

2.Engineering Physics by Gupta and Gour, Dhanpat Rai Publications, 2016 (Reprint).

3.Concepts of Modern Physics, ArthurBeiser, McGraw-Hill, 6th Edition, 2009.

4.Lasers and Non-Linear Optics, B B Loud, New age international, 2011 edition.

5.A textbook of Engineering Physics by M .N. Avadhanulu, P G. Kshirsagar and T V S Arun Murthy, Eleventh edition, S Chand and Company Ltd. New Delhi-110055.

6.Quantum Computation and Quantum Information, Michael A. Nielsen & Isaac L. Chuang, Cambridge Universities Press, 2010 Edition.

7.Quantum Computing, Vishal Sahani, McGraw Hill Education, 2007 Edition.

8.Engineering Physics, S P Basavaraj, 2005 Edition,

9.Physics for Animators, Michele Bousquet with Alejandro Garcia, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, 2016.

10.Quantum Computation and Logic: How Quantum Computers Have Inspired Logical Investigations,Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara, Roberto Giuntini, Roberto Leporini, Giuseppe Sergioli,TrendsinLogic, Volume 48, Springer.

11.Statistical Physics: Berkely Physics Course, Volume 5, F. Reif, McGraw Hill.

12. Introduction to Superconductivity, Michael Tinkham, McGraww Hill, INC, II Edition