Introduction, Definiton of Fluid, Systems of units, properties offluid: Mass density, Specific weight, Specific gravity, Specificvolume, Viscosity, Cohesion, Adhesion, Surface tension,&Capillarity. Newton’s law of viscosity (theory &problems).Capillary rise in a vertical tube and between twoplane surfaces (theory & problems).
Definition of pressure, Pressure at a point, Pascal’s law,Variation of pressure with depth. Types of pressure. Vapourpressre. Measurement of pressure using a simple, differential &inclined manometers (theory & problems). Introduction toMechanical and electronic pressure measuring devices.
Introduction, methods of describing fluid motion, definitions oftypes of fluid flow, streamline, pathline, streamtube. Threedimensional continuity equation in Cartesian Coordinates (derivation and problems ). General Continuity equation (problems ). Velocity potential, Stream function, Equipotentialline, Stream line- problems, Physical concepts ofStreamfunction. Introduction to flow net.
Introduction, Energy possessed by a fluid body. Euler’s equationof motion along a streamline and Bernoulli’s equation.Assumptions and limitations of Bernoulli’s equation. Problemson applications of Bernoulli’s equation (with and withoutlosses). Introduction to kinetic energy correction factor.Momentum equation problems on pipe bends.
Introduction, losses in pipe flow,. Darcy-Weisbach equation forhead loss due to friction in a pipe. Pipes in series, pipes inparallel, equivalent pipe-problems. Minor losses in pipe flow,equation for head loss due to sudden expansion- problems.Water hammer in pipes, equation for pressure rise due to gradual valve closure & sudden closure for rigid and elastic pipes-problems.
Introduction, Measurement of depth, point & hook gauges, selfrecording gauges. Staff gauge, Weight gauge, float gauge.Measurement of velocity- single and double gauges, pitot tube,Current meter- Problems.
Introduction,Venturimeter,Orificemeter,Rotometer,Venturiflume, Triangular notch, Rectangular notch, Cipollettinotch, Ogee weir and Broad crested weir, Small orifices-Problems.