Brick, stone and block masonry units – strength,modulus of elasticity and water absorption of masonry materials –classification and properties of mortars, selection of mortars. Defects anderrors in masonry construction, cracks in masonry, types, reasons forcracking, methods of avoiding cracks.
Strength and Stability of concentricallyloaded masonry walls, effect of unit strength, mortar strength, joint thickness,rate of absorption, effect of curing, effect of ageing, workmanship, strengthformulae and mechanism of failure for masonry subjected to directcompression.
Permissible compressive stress, stressreduction and shape reduction factors, increase in permissible stresses foreccentric vertical and lateral loads, permissible tensile and shear stresses.
Effective height of walls and columns,opening in walls, effective length, effective thickness, slenderness ratio,eccentricity, load dispersion, arching action, lintels.
Wall carrying axial load,eccentric load with different eccentricity ratios, walls with openings, freestanding wall.
Design of load bearing masonry forbuilding up to 3 storeys using IS : 1905 and SP : 20 procedure.
Application, flexural and compressionelements, shear walls.
Composite wall-beamelements, infilled frames.