AMPLITUDE MODULATION: Introduction, Amplitude Modulation:Time & Frequency – Domain description, Switching modulator,Envelop detector.DOUBLE SIDE BAND-SUPPRESSED CARRIER MODULATION:Time and Frequency – Domain description, Ring modulator, Coherent detection, Costas Receiver, Quadrature Carrier Multiplexing.SINGLE SIDE–BAND AND VESTIGIAL SIDEBAND METHODS OF MODULATION: SSB Modulation, VSB Modulation, Frequency Translation, Frequency- Division Multiplexing, Theme Example: VSB Transmission of Analog and Digital Television
ANGLE MODULATION: Basic definitions, Frequency Modulation:Narrow Band FM, Wide Band FM, Transmission bandwidth of FM Signals, Generation of FM Signals, Demodulation of FM Signals, FM Stereo Multiplexing, Phase–Locked Loop: Nonlinear model of PLL, Linear model of PLL, Nonlinear Effects in FM Systems. The Superheterodyne Receiver (refer Chapter 4 of Text).
RANDOM VARIABLES & PROCESS: Introduction, Probability, Conditional Probability, Random variables, Several Random Variables. Statistical Averages: Function of a random variable, Moments, Random Processes, Mean, Correlation and Covariance function: Properties of autocorrelation function, Cross–correlation functions (refer Chapter 5 of Text).NOISE: Shot Noise, Thermal noise, White Noise, Noise Equivalent Bandwidth (refer Chapter 5 of Text), Noise Figure (refer Section 6.7 of Text).
NOISE IN ANALOG MODULATION: Introduction, Receiver Model, Noise in DSB-SC receivers, Noise in AM receivers, Threshold effect, Noise in FM receivers, Capture effect, FM threshold effect, FM threshold reduction, Pre-emphasis and Deemphasis in FM (refer Chapter 6 of Text)
DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF ANALOG SIGNALS:Introduction, Why Digitize Analog Sources?, The Sampling process, Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Time Division Multiplexing, Pulse-Position Modulation, Generation of PPM Waves, Detection ofPPM Waves, The Quantization Process, Quantization Noise, Pulse– Code Modulation: Sampling, Quantization, Encoding, Regeneration, Decoding, Filtering, Multiplexing (refer Chapter 7 of Text), Application to Vocoder (refer Section 6.8 of Reference Book 1).