Introduction, Performance, characteristics, static characteristics, error in measurement, source of error, type of error, dynamic characteristics.
Transistor voltmeter, micro voltmeter, solid state voltmeter, Differential v voltmeters, RMS voltmeter, RMS meter, Ohm meter, multimeter, Digital voltmeter, Dual slope integrating type and integrating type DBM.
Digital voltmeter, frequency meter, measurement of time, frequency digital tachometer, phase meter, capacitance meter, and µP based instruments.
Strip chart recorder, galvanometer type, null type circulars, chart recorder, x-y recorder
Fixed frequency AF Oscillator, Variable AFO, standard signal generator, AF Sine & square wave generator, function generator, and square & pulse generator.
Output power meters, field strength meter, stroboscope phase meter, direct reading impedance meters, Q meter, LC or bridge R X meters, automatic bridges, transistor tester, and megger.
Electrical transducers, differential output transducers, LVDT, pressure inductive transducers, capacitive transducers.
Digital display system and indicators, classification of displays, display devices, LEDs, LCDs and other displays.