Introduction, Importance of Energy Consumption as Measure of Prosperity, Per Capita Energy Consumption, Classification of Energy Resources; Conventional Energy Resources - Availability and their limitations; Non-Conventional Energy Resources – Classification, Advantages, Limitations; Comparison of Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy Resources; World Energy Scenario; Indian Energy Scenario.
Introduction, Solar Constant, Basic Sun-Earth Angles – definitions and their representation, Solar Radiation Geometry (numerical problems), Estimation of Solar Radiation of Horizontal and Tilted Surfaces (numerical problems); Measurement of Solar Radiation Data – Pyranometer and Pyrheliometer.
Principle of Conversion of Solar Radiation into Heat, Solar Water Heaters (Flat Plate Collectors), Solar Cookers – Box type, concentrating dish type, Solar driers, Solar Still, Soalr Furnces, Solar Green Houses
Solar Electric Systems: Solar Thermal Electric Power Generation – Solar Pond and Concentrating Solar Collector (parabolic trough, parabolic dish, Central Tower Collector). Advantages and Disadvantages; Solar Photovoltaic – Solar Cell fundamentals, characteristics, classification, construction of module, panel and array. Solar PV Systems – stand-alone and grid connected; Applications – Street lighting, Domestic lighting and Solar Water pumping systems. 7 Hours Energy Storage: Introduction, Necessity of Energy Storage, and Methods of Energy Storage (classification and brief description using block diagram representation only). 3 Hours
Introduction, Wind and its Properties, History of Wind Energy, Wind Energy Scenario – World and India. Basic principles of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS), Classification of WECS, Parts of a WECS, Derivation for Power in the wind, Electrical Power Output and Capacity Factor of WECS, Wind site selection consideration, Advantages and Disadvantages of WECS.
Introduction, Photosynthesis process, Biomass fuels, Biomass conversion technologies, Urban waste to Energy Conversion, Biomass Gasification, Biomass to Ethanol Production, Biogas production from waste biomass, factors affecting biogas generation, types of biogas plants – KVIC and Janata model; Biomass program in India.
Tidal Energy – Principle of Tidal Power, Components of Tidal Power Plant (TPP), Classification of Tidal Power Plants, Estimation of Energy – Single basin and Double basin type TPP (no derivations. Simple numerical problems), Advantages and Limitation of TPP. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC): Principle of OTEC system, Methods of OTEC power generation – Open Cycle (Claude cycle), Closed Cycle (Anderson cycle) and Hybrid cycle (block diagram description of OTEC); Site-selection criteria, Biofouling, Advantages & Limitation of OTEC.
Fuel Cell, Small Hydro Resources, Hydrogen Energy, and Wave Energy. (Principle of Energy generation using block diagrams, advantages and limitations).