18EE42 Power Generation and Economics syllabus for EE

Hydroelectric Power Plants:

Hydrology, run off and stream flow, hydrograph, flow duration curve, Mass curve, reservoir capacity, dam storage. Hydrological cycle, merits and demerits of hydroelectric power plants, Selection of site. General arrangement of hydel plant, elements of the plant, Classification of the plants based on water flow regulation, water head and type of load the plant has to supply. Water turbines – Pelton wheel, Francis, Kaplan and propeller turbines. Characteristic of water turbines Governing of turbines, selection of water turbines. Underground, small hydro and pumped storage plants. Choice of size and number of units, plant layout and auxiliaries.

Steam Power Plants:

Introduction, Efficiency of steam plants, Merits and demerits of plants, selection of site. Working of steam plant, Power plant equipment and layout, Steam turbines, Fuels and fuel handling, Fuel combustion and combustion equipment, Coal burners, Fluidized bed combustion, Combustion control, Ash handling, Dust collection, Draught systems, Feed water, Steam power plant controls, plant auxiliaries.

Diesel Power Plant:

Introduction, Merits and demerits, selection site, elements of diesel power plant, applications.

Gas Turbine Power Plant:

Introduction Merits and demerits, selection site, Fuels for gas turbines, Elements of simple gas turbine power plant, Methods of improving thermal efficiency of a simple steam power plant, Closed cycle gas turbine power plants. Comparison of gas power plant with steam

Nuclear Power Plants:

Introduction, Economics of nuclear plants, Merits and demerits, selection of site, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear fission process, Nuclear chain reaction, Nuclear energy, Nuclear fuels, Nuclear plant and layout, Nuclear reactor and its control, Classification of reactors, power reactors in use, Effects of nuclear plants, Disposal of nuclear waste and effluent, shielding.

Substations:

Introduction to Substation equipment; Transformers, High Voltage Fuses, High Voltage Circuit Breakers and Protective Relaying, High Voltage Disconnect Switches, Lightning Arresters, High Voltage Insulators and Conductors, Voltage Regulators, Storage Batteries, Reactors, Capacitors, Measuring Instruments, and power line carrier communication equipment. Classification of substations – indoor and outdoor, Selection of site for substation, Bus-bar arrangement schemes and single line diagrams of substations.

Substations (continued):

Interconnection of power stations. Introduction to gas insulated substation, Advantages and economics of Gas insulated substation.

Grounding:

Introduction, Difference between grounded and ungrounded system. System grounding – ungrounded, solid grounding, resistance grounding, reactance grounding, resonant grounding. Earthing transformer. Neutral grounding and neutral grounding transformer.

Economics:

Introduction, Effect of variable load on power system, classification of costs, Cost analysis. Interest and Depreciation, Methods of determination of depreciation, Economics of Power generation, different terms considered for power plants and their significance, load sharing. Choice of size and number of generating plants. Tariffs, objective, factors affecting the tariff, types. Types of consumers and their tariff. Power factor, disadvantages, causes, methods of improving power factor, Advantages of improved power factor, economics of power factor improvement and comparison of methods of improving the power factor. Choice of equipment.

Course Outcomes:

At the end of the course the student will be able to:

• Describe the working of hydroelectric, steam, nuclear power plants and state functions of major equipment of the power plants.
• Classify various substations and explain the functions of major equipments in substations.
• Explain the types of grounding and its importance.
• Infer the economic aspects of power system operation and its effects.
• Explain the importance of power factor improvement.

Question paper pattern:

• The question paper will have ten questions.
• Each full question is for 20 marks.
• There will be 2 full questions (with a maximum of three sub questions in one full question) from each module.
• Each full question with sub questions will cover the contents under a module.
• Students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.

Text Books

1 Power Plant Engineering P.K. Nag McGrawHill 4th Edition, 2014

2 Generation of Electrical Energy B.R.Gupta S. Chand 2015

3 Electrical power Generation, Transmission and Distribution S.N. Singh PHI 2nd Edition, 2009

Reference Books

1 A Course in Power Systems J.B. Gupta Katson 2008

2 Electrical Power Distribution Systems V. Kamaraju McGrawHill 1st Edition, 2009

3 A Text Book on Power System Engineering A.Chakrabarti, et al DhanpathRai 2nd Edition, 2010

4 Electrical Distribution Engineering Anthony J. Pansini CRC Press 3rd Edition, 2006

5 Electrical Distribution Systems Dale R PatrickEt al CRC Press 2nd Edition, 2009