Introduction to Operational Amplifiers: Introduction, Block schematic of an Op-amp, Power supply connections, Characteristics of an Ideal OP-AMP, Inverting Amplifier, Non-inverting Amplifier,Voltage follower, Differential Amplifier, CMRR. (Relevant problems).
Operational Amplifier Characteristics: DC characteristics – Input bias current, Input offset current, Input offset voltage, Total output offset voltage, Thermal drift. AC characteristics – Frequency response, Slew rate, PSRR.
Basic op-amp applications – Scale changer/Inverter. Summing amplifier: Inverting summing amplifier, Non-inverting Summing amplifier, Subtractor, Instrumentation Amplifier. (Relevant problems).
Operational Amplifier Applications: V – I and I – V converter, Opamp circuit using diodes, sample and hold circuit, Differentiator and Integrator.
Comparator and waveforms generator: Comparator, Regenerative comparator (Schmitt Trigger), Astable mutivibrator, Monostable multivibrator and Triangular waveform generator. Phase shiftoscillator, Wien bridge oscillator. (Relevant problems).
Voltage Regulators: Introduction, Series Op-amp regulator, IC voltage regulators, 723 general purpose regulators, switching regulator.
Active filters: First and Second order LPF, First and Second orders HPF, Band Pass Filters, Band Reject filters. (Design examples).
555 Timer: Description of Functional Diagram, Monostable operation, Applications of Monostable Multivibrator: Frequency Divider & Pulse Width Modulation. Astable operation, Applicationsof Astable Multivibrator: FSK Generator and Pulse Position Modulation.
Phase Locked Loops: Basic Principles, Analog phase Detector/comparator, Voltage controlled oscillator. PLL applications:Frequency Multiplication/Division, Frequency translation, FM demodulation.
Data Acquisition Systems: Types of instrumentation systems, Components of analog data acquisition system, Digital data acquisition system, Use of recorders in digital systems, Digital recording systems.
Data Converters:
Digital to Analog Converters: Basic DAC techniques, Weighted Resistor DAC, R – 2R Ladder DAC, DAC 0800 (Data sheet: Features and description only).
Analog to Digital Converters: Functional diagram of ADC, Flash ADC, Counter type ADC, Successive approximation ADC, Dual slope ADC. ADC 0809 (Data sheet: Features, specifications and descriptiononly), DAC/ADC specifications.