What operating systems do; Computer System organization; Computer System architecture; Operating Systemstructure; Operating System operations; Process management; Memory management; Storage management;Protection and security; Distributed system; Special-purpose systems; Computing environments.OperatingSystem Services; User - Operating System interface; System calls; Types of system calls; System programs;Operating System design and implementation; Operating System structure; Virtual machines; Operating Systemgeneration; System boot.
Process concept; Process scheduling; Operations on processes; Inter-process communication. Multi-ThreadedProgramming: Overview; Multithreading models; Thread Libraries; Threading issues. Process Scheduling:Basic concepts; Scheduling criteria; Scheduling algorithms; Multiple-Processor scheduling; Thread scheduling.
Synchronization: The Critical section problem; Peterson’s solution; Synchronization hardware; Semaphores;Classical problems of synchronization; Monitors.
Deadlocks: System model; Deadlock characterization; Methods for handling deadlocks; Deadlock prevention;Deadlock avoidance; Deadlock detection and recovery from deadlock.
Memory Management Strategies: Background; Swapping; Contiguous memory allocation; Paging; Structure ofpage table; Segmentation. Virtual Memory Management: Background; Demand paging; Copy-on-write; Pagereplacement; Allocation of frames; Thrashing.
File System: File concept; Access methods; Directory structure; File system mounting; File sharing; Protection.Implementing File System: File system structure; File system implementation; Directory implementation;Allocation methods; Free space management
Mass storage structures; Disk structure; Disk attachment; Disk scheduling; Disk management; Swap spacemanagement.Protection: Goals of protection, Principles of protection, Domain of protection, Access matrix,Implementation of access matrix, Access control, Revocation of access rights, Capability-Based systems.
Linux history; Design principles; Kernel modules; Process management; Scheduling; Memory management;File systems, Input and output; Inter-process communication.