Types of heat exchangers and their applications. Flow arrangements and temperature distributions in transfer type of heat exchangers. Overall heat transfer coefficient;- Clean overall heat transfer coefficient, dirt factor dirt overall heat transfer coefficient, dirt factors for various process services. Basic design equation. Mean temperature difference Concept: - LMTD for parallel flow and counter flow arrangement, correction factor for LMTD for cross flow and multi –pass heat exchangers.
Constructional features. Applications.Effectiveness-NTU method for heat exchanger design/ analysis. Rating and sizing problem. Correlations for tube side pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients. Pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient correlations for shell side flow.
Heat balance equations: LMTD: reference temperature calculations: evaluation of fluid properties: flow assignments: tube side flow area calculations; viscosity correction factor, shell side equivalent diameter, calculation of shell side heat transfer coefficient, evaluation for wall temperature, evaluation of overall heat transfer coefficient, Calculation of surface area. Calculations of tube side and shell side pressure drops.
Specifications of other details as per TEMA standards. Flow arrangement for increased heat recovery: - lack of heat recovery in 1-2 exchangers true temperature difference in a 2-4 exchanger. Calculation procedure for steam condensers.
Constructional features. Applications. Design parameters :- tube side and shell side film coefficients cut and twist factor, fin efficiency, overall heat transfer coefficient, mean temperature difference, available surface area, fin geometry fin height, number of fins, tube side and shell side pressure drop. Calculation procedure for the design/analysis of double pipe heat exchanger.
Introduction; definition of Geometric Terms:plate fin surface geometries and surface performance data; correlation of heat transfer and friction data; Goodness factor comparisons; specification of rating and sizing problems; calculation procedure for a rating problem.
Air as coolant for industrial processes; custom-built units; fin-tube systems for air coolers; fin-tube bundles; thermal rating; tube side flow arrangements; cooling air supply by fans; cooling air supply in natural draft towers.
Introduction; process heaters and boiler; heat transfer in furnaces: - Heat source; Heat sink; refractory surfaces; heat transfer to the sink; Design methods: - Method of Lobo and Evans: Method of Wilson, Lobo and Hottel; The Orrok-Hudson equation; Wallenberg simplified method.