Introduction, Planks Hypothesis- Origin of quantum mechanics,Classical v/s Quantum mechanics, experimental andtheoretical methods: Dual nature of matter by Debroglie,Uncertainty principle, Localization experiment,Complementarity. Valence bond theory and its applications;Introduction to molecular orbital theory, and computationalchemistry.
Thermodynamics: Introduction, importance and limitations ofthermodynamics; thermodynamic terms definition andexamples for: system and surroundings, properties of asystem, state variables, processes, thermodynamicequilibrium, internal energy, enthalpy, and heat capacity of asystem; Zeroth law of thermodynamics.; First law ofthermodynamics: definition, mathematical expressions, heatcapacity (at constant volume, and constant pressure);Spontaneous process: criteria for spontaneity; Second law ofthermodynamics: equivalent forms, entropy and itsillustrations, Third law of thermodynamics: definition andillustration.
Concept of lattice vibrations and thermal heat capacity,classical, Einstein and Debye theories of molar heat capacityand their limitations.Band Theory of Solids: Origin of bands, band theory of solids,motion of electron in periodic field of crystal, Kronig-Pennymodel, Brillion zones, concept of holes, distinction betweenmetal, insulator and semi- conductor.
Semiconductor: Intrinsic semiconductors, doping and extrinsicsemiconductors, simple models for semiconductors, Donorand acceptor levels, p-n junction and rectification, tunnelingand resonant tunneling.Tunneling: Concept of tunneling, tunneling through potentialbarrier, classical vs quantum tunneling, tunneling junction,tunneling diode.
Introduction, Crystalloids and colloids, Classifications ofcolloids with examples: based on state of aggregation, affinity,and natural dispersed phase. Characteristics of colloidalsolutions: Dynamic properties (Brownian motion, diffusion,sedimentation, colligative properties, adsorption, andfilterability), Optical properties (visibility, colour, and Tyndalleffect), Electrical properties (electrophoresis, and electroosmosis).Emulsion: introduction, classification, types ofemulsions formed on mixing of two partly or completelyinsoluble liquids, inter-conversion of dispersed phase andmedium, characteristics of emulsions, identification of type ofemulsion.