CELL BIOLOGY
The Cell: the Basic Unit of Life - Molecular Components of Cells; Cell Metabolism; Cell division – Introduction to Mitosis and meiosis, Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, Plant and animal cells. Structure of cytoplasm, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosome, Golgi bodies, Lysosomes. Endoplasmic Reticulum, Peroxisomes, Chloroplast and Vacuoles. Cell locomotion (Amoeboid, Flagella, Cillar). RBC, WBC.
BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
Biological membranes: Structure and conformational properties of cell membranes, Singer and Nicholson model, Membrane permeability, fluidity, micelle formation, reverse micelles, properties, passive transport and active transport, facilitated transport, energy requirement, mechanism of Na+ / K+, Blood Brain Barrier.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Gene; Genetic Code; Replication; Transcription; translation; Expression of Genetic Information; Genetic Engineering - Recombinant DNA Technology. Catalytic strategies:Protease, Carbonic Anhydrases-. Restriction Enzymes.
IMMUNOLOGY
Immune system: The Cellular Basis of Immunity; Innate immunity and adaptive immunity; The Fine Structure of Antibodies and types; The Functions of Antibodies; T Cell Receptors and Subclasses-MHC Molecules and Antigen Presentation to T Cells-Cytotoxic T Cells-Helper T Cells and T Cell Activation-Selection of the T Cell Repertoire, CD4 cells.
BIOMACHINES
Biomotors: Conversion of Chemical Energy into Mechanical Work by Protein Motors, Brief Description of ATP Synthase Structure – FI motor, a power stroke, pure power stoke, coupling and coordination of motor. Biomachines: Heart as a pump, Kidney as a filtration Unit, Brain as a data storage device, Stomach as a digester. Biological Sensors in the human body.