FLUID STATICS AND ITS APPLCATIONS:Concept of unit operations, Concept of momentum transfer, Nature offluids and pressure concept, variation of pressure with height –hydrostatic equilibrium, Barometric equation, Measurement of fluidpressure – manometers, Continuous gravity decanter, Centrifugaldecanter.FLUID FLOW PHENOMENA:Type of fluids – shear stress and velocity gradient relation, Newtonianand non- Newtonian fluids, Viscosity of gases and liquids. Types offlow – laminar and turbulent flow, Reynolds stress, Eddy viscosity.Flow in boundary layers, Reynolds number, and Boundary layerseparation and wake formation.
BASIC EQUATIONS OF FLUID FLOW:Average velocity, Mass velocity, Continuity equation, Euler andBernoulli equations Modified equations for real fluids with correctionfactors, Pump work in Bernoulli equation, Angular momentumequation.FLOW OF INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS IN CONDUITS ANDTHIN LAYERS:Laminar flow through circular and non-circular conduits, HagenPoiseuille equation, Laminar flow of non-Newtonian liquids. Turbulentflow
FLOW OF INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS IN CONDUITS ANDTHIN LAYERS :( Contd...)Friction factor chart, friction from changes in velocity or direction,Form friction losses in Bernoulli equation, Flow of fluids in thin layersFLOW OF COMPRESSEBLE FLUIDS:Continuity equation, Concept of Mach number, Total energy balance,Velocity of sound, Ideal gas equations, Flow through variable-areaconduits, Adiabatic frictional flow, Isothermal frictional flow(elementary treatment only).
Pipes, Fittings and valves, Measurement of fluid and gas flow rates byorifice, venturi & rotameters. Pitot tube. Elementary concept of targetmeter, vortex-shedding meters, turbine meters, positive displacementmeters, magnetic meters, coriolis meters and thermal meters, Flowthrough open channel-weirs and notches.
PUMPS:Performance and Characteristics of pumps-positive displacement andcentrifugal pumps, Fans, compressors, and blowers.DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS:Dimensional homogeneity, Rayleigh’s and Buckingham’s Π- methods,Significance of different dimensionless numbers, Elementary treatmentof similitude between model and prototype.