D C circuits: Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s Laws, analysis of series, parallel andseries- parallel circuits excited by independent voltage sources. Power andEnergy. Illustrative examples.
Electromagnetism:Review of field around a conductor and coil, magnetic flux and flux density,magnetomotive force and magnetic field intensity, reluctance and permeability,definition of magnetic circuit and basic analogy between electric and magneticcircuits. (These topics are not to be considered for setting the examinationquestions).Electromagnetic induction: Definition of Electromagnetic Induction, FaradaysLaws, Fleming’s right hand rule, Lenz’s Law, Statically and dynamicallyinduced emf. Self-inductance, mutual inductance and coefficient of coupling.Energy stored in magnetic field. Illustrative examples. Force on current carryingconductor placed in a magnetic field, Fleming’s left hand rule.
DC Machines: Working principle of DC machine as a generator and amotor. Types and constructional features. Types of armature windings, Emfequation of generator, relation between induced emf and terminal voltage with amention of brush contact drop and drop due to armature reaction. Illustrativeexamples, neglecting armature reaction.Operation of DC motor, back emf, torque equation. Types of DC motors,characteristics and applications. Significance of back emf. Necessity of a starterfor DC motor. Illustrative examples on back emf and torque.
Measuring Instruments: Construction and Principle of operation ofdynamometer type wattmeterand single phase induction type energy meter.
Single-phase AC circuits: Generation of sinusoidal voltage, frequency ofgenerated voltage, definition and numerical values of average value, rootmean square value, form factor and peak factor of sinusoidally varyingquantities, phasor representation of alternating quantities. Analysis, withphasor diagrams, of R, L, C, R-L, R-C and R-L-C circuits and, parallel andseries- parallel circuits. Real power, reactive power, apparent power and powerfactor. Illustrative examples
Domestic wiring:Service mains, meter board and distribution board. Brief discussion onconcealed conduit wiring. Two-way and three-way control. Elementarydiscussion on Circuit protective devices: fuse and Miniature Circuit Breaker(MCB’s). Electric shock, precautions against shock, Objectives of Earthing,types of earthing; pipe and plate earthing, Residual current circuit breaker(RCCB).
Three Phase Circuits: Necessity and advantages of three phase systems,generation of three phase power. Definition of Phase sequence, balancedsupply and balanced load. Relationship between line and phase values ofbalanced star and delta connections. Power in balanced three-phase circuits,measurement of power by two-wattmeter method. Determination power factorusing wattmeter readings. Illustrative examples.
Three PhaseSynchronous Generators: Principle of operation, Types andconstructional features, Advantages of rotating field type alternator,Synchronous speed, Frequency of generated voltage, Emf equation. Concept ofwinding factor (excluding the derivation of distribution and pitch factors).Illustrative examples on calculation of distribution factor, pitch factor and emfequation.
Single Phase Transformers: Necessity of transformer, Principle of operation and construction of singlephasetransformers (core and shell types). Emf equation, losses, variationlosses with respect to load, efficiency, Condition for maximum efficiency,Voltage regulation and its significance (Open Circuit and Short circuit tests,equivalent circuit and phasor diagrams are excluded). Illustrative problems onemf equation and efficiency only.
Three Phase Induction Motors: Principle of operation, Concept andproduction of rotating magnetic field, Synchronous speed, rotor speed, Slip,Frequency of the rotor induced emf, Types and Constructional features. Slipand its significance. Applications of squirrel - cage and slip - ring motors.Necessity of a starter, starting of motor using stars-delta starter. Illustrativeexamples on slip calculations.